Time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) and phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) are two distinct components of a complete non-destructive testing solution. While PAUT uses reflection, TOFD uses diffraction. The transducer produces pulsed ultrasonic waves, which are diffracted to various degrees by irregularities in the scanned material, then collected on the material’s far side by a receiver. In order to achieve rapid, accurate scans of welds, pipes and other critical metallic components, NDT technicians should use a combination of PAUT and TOFD scanning technologies. After the training, an examination will be conducted on theory & practical as per requirements of ISO. Qualifiers will be given certificate, which is valid worldwide in all industries.